1.

Must clause 4 of the framework agreement in Directive 1999/70/EC (2) be interpreted (including for the purposes of the effectiveness of EU law and the guarantee of an effective remedy within the meaning of Article 47 of the Charter) as precluding the limitations set out in the grounds (in the event of the applicant no longer being included in the education system) introduced by national case-law in the award of the teacher’s card and, therefore, is it necessary and sufficient, including for former teachers (persons outside the education system), in order to receive payment of the sums to which they would have been entitled during the course of their employment relationship under the teaching card (EUR 500 per year), to submit an application to the courts for payment of those sums, in accordance with the procedure laid down in the teaching card or directly in money which is legal tender, without any further burdens being imposed in relation to applications, allegations or proof ?